Annotated Bib Rough Draft

Below is my rough draft of my annotated bibliography for my research paper.  In it I listed all of the sources I want to use for my research and how they are important and relate to the conversation.  This is going to be very helpful while I am writing my paper because it gives many point of views of the conversation.  It also shows what everyone is specifically researching on.  Therefore, I will be able to find the research gap.  So far I have realized that no one is focusing on informing the students on how Facebook is effecting them.  The audience has mostly been educators or other researchers.  I will be adding 5 more sources to this list and a review of them all in the beginnging on my final draft.  

Witty James Vince, et al. "Findings On Facebook In Higher Education: A Comparison Of

College Faculty And Student Uses And Perceptions Of Social Networking Sites." The

Internet And Higher Education 13.(n.d.): 134-140. ScienceDirect. Web. 17 Sept. 2012.

            This academic article is determining how likely college professors versus college students are to use Facebook for personal and academic use.  They believe that since the growth of Facebook with students recently was so powerful that the growth of Facebook with the faculty will have the same outcome.  The researchers created a survey to prove their thinking.   They came to the conclusion that because professors are not using Facebook it proves that Facebook is not for academics but for only social communications. 

This article is important to my research question because it is proving that students value Facebook more than their professors, which could cause Facebook to harm students, therefore being a negative effect.  Professors will be less likely to incorporate Facebook into their academics which will then cause students to be spending unnecessary time on the website.  This article fits into the conversation about the negative and positive affects of Facebook because it is proving that Facebook is not used by professors for academic use as much as students wish.  The author James Witty has worked in institutions such as Tennessee Department of Education, which makes him creditable. 

Poellhuber, Bruno, and Terry Anderson. "Distance Students' Readiness For Social Media

And Collaboration." International Review Of Research In Open And Distance Learning 12.6 (2011): 102-125. ERIC. Web. 13 Sept. 2012.

This academic article began because of the fast growing social medias in our society and teachers are beginning to want to interact with their students through these medias.  The number of students attending online courses is also increasing.  The author of this article, Bruno Poellhube, wanted to focus on distance students in this study because distance students may find Facebook much more beneficial than the students on campus.  Poellhube is from the Universite de Modtreal and The International Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning has reviewed his article. 

            This article was surprisingly very helpful to my research study.  When I first read that it was about distance students I was concerned it wouldn’t relate enough to my topic.  However, distance students are still considered college students.  The article first explained how distance students could become “invisible” to others, which I found to be very true.  The study came to the conclusion that a significant amount of distance students enjoy being about to collaborate with their peers, but a small amount do not.  They found that the want to collaborate with their peers increases with age, which I found to be surprising.  The article gave me a positive way to look at how Facebook can help with academics.  In special cases, like distance students, it gives them an easy way to connect with others.  The only problem that the study did not answer is what kind of communication goes on with social medias, academic or social. 

Woodley, Carolyn, and Catherine Meredith. "Supporting Student Transition Through

Social Media." American Journal Of Distance Education 26.2 (2012): 86-95. ERIC.

Web. 13 Sept. 2012

This academic article, like most, began because of the rapid growth Facebook has recently encountered, specifically for education.  The author, Carolyn Woodley, who is a part of the faculty of business and law at Victoria University, feels that students can use Facebook to achieve a “sense of belonging to a group with peers.” In the article the Faculty of Business and Law’s Facebook group is studied to find the use of Facebook in an educational setting.  They look at specifically international students and how Facebook is an advantage to them.  Their research consisted of a complete analysis of the Facebook page.  They calculated the amount of communication between the faculty and the students and decided whether or not it was beneficial and appropriate.

The researchers came to the conclusion that using Facebook for “extra-curricular” activity was positive for students, however, a discussion still needed to be made about the appropriateness of using Facebook for teaching.  They believe the main positive to Facebook is to help students find a group to belong to so they do not feel isolated.  This conclusion relates to my paper in the fact that Facebook is positive in more of a social way.  These researchers could not find the main reason it should be used for learning but that it is important to help students connect and belong.  I do feel that just having a belonging in a large community like a University can somehow affect academics.  Students can use their sense of belonging they get from Facebook to create study groups, or support from others. 

Junco, Reynol. "The Relationship Between Frequency Of Facebook Use, Participation In

Facebook Activities, And Student Engagement." Computers & Education 58.1

(2012): 162-171. ERIC. Web. 13 Sept. 2012.

This academic article was created to “fill a gap in the literature by using a large sample of college students to examine the relationship between frequency of Facebook use, participation in Facebook activities, and student engagement.”  The author, Reynol Junco, is from the Department of Academic Development and Counseling at Lack Haven University and the article was accepted into the Computers and Education Journal.  The researchers created a survey to determine Facebook usage of college students at a primarily residential institution in the Northeast.  They asked questions like, how often do you update your Facebook status, or how often do you play games on Facebook? 

The results of the surveys proved that, “Both time spent on Facebook and time spent engaged in certain Facebook activities can be positively predictive, negatively predictive, or positively and negatively predictive of engagement, depending on the outcome variable.”  They found that depending on whether or not you were playing games on Facebook or looking at pictures decided whether or not it was a positive or negative influence.  The article points out that there was a negative relationship between Facebook chatting and preparing for class but they did not evaluate it.  This opens a gap for my research.  I can now begin looking into that as a specific example. 

Halter, Heather J. Moving From A Textbook To Facebook [Electronic Resource] : College

Students' Motivations For Using Social Networking Sites In Education / By Heather J. Halter. n.p.: Orlando, Fla. : University of Central Florida, 2010., 2010. UCF Libraries Catalog. Web. 17 Sept. 2012.

This academic article by, Heather J. Halter, who received her B.A. at Georgia State University in 2005, was to analyze the benefits of using Facebook to its full potential for educational use.  She wanted to determine a way to successfully use social medias in a learning environment because students seem to enjoy using them.  Again, the growth of social medias was the start of this conversation.  Halter thought that Facebook could become a better alternative that students would want to learn with.  A questionnaire was created for undergraduate students and how they felt about Facebook use.

After the data was collected it was found that students do enjoy Facebook for keeping up relationships but they do not enjoy using Facebook in an educational setting.  It was said that, “a Facebook class group is the most effective way to implement social networking sites into education.”  It was found that students do not wish for an instructor to be involved while they use Facebook for education.  I believe this is true because students want their Facebook’s to be for their peers and purely their social lives.  Mixing their social life with their academics seems like a bad idea.  In order to tie this in with my research it proves that Facebook is negative to students if their professors get involved. 

Hart, Michael J. "A Study on the Motives of High School and Undergraduate College Students

for Using the Social Network Site Facebook." ProQuest LLC (2010). ERIC. Web. 17 Sept. 2012.

This academic article was presented to the Faculty of the Department of Education

at Liberty University by Michael J. Hart, to fulfill his Doctoral Degree in Education.  His study compared the difference and outcome of using Facebook in college and high school.  Hart also noticed that rapid increase in Facebook use and wanted to determine what the difference age has on Facebook usage.  By creating an online survey, taken by a mid-Atlantic university and two high schools in the area, he was able to determine the motives each group has towards Facebook. 

            The results found that undergraduate college students use Facebook to keep up with relationships.  After reading this data I think one reason why that makes sense is because most new college students leave behind many of their friends and family to attend a university.  This causes them to still want to connect with their friends and family because they have just recently left them.  Facebook is now one of the easiest ways to maintain these relationships with the busy schedules that new students have.  It was also found that high school students had significantly more friends on Facebook than the undergraduate college students, which I find odd. 

            To connect this with my research I have significant data proving that Facebook is mostly used to keep up with relationships, rather than for academics.  I am beginning to feel that it is important to separate a persons Facebook life with their academics.  The mixture of the two may cause students to begin to dislike the main intentions of the Facebook world. 

Paula Schlegel, et al. "Cell Phones, Text Messaging, And Facebook: Competing Time

Demands Of Today's College Students." College Teaching 59.1 (2011): 23-30. Academic Search Premier. Web. 17 Sept. 2012.

The main idea in this academic article was to determine how college students use their time.  It is by Trudy L. Hanson, Kristina Drumheller, Jessica Mallard, Connie McKee, and Paula Schegle and was published in the College Teaching Journal.  Participates of the study completed a 490 questionnaire asking about students technology use and academic behaviors.  The main idea taken from their data was that students are spending a significant amount of time communicating with others rather than spending time on their studies.  Students find it hard to study something they did not learn inside the classroom and they would rather spend their time texting or on social networking sites.  Students have admitted to using their phones or checking up on Facebook during class time, causing a distraction to their learning. 

This article was intended for professors to help them improve their teaching strategies with the rapidly moving Facebook buzz.  It gives them advice to relate certain assignments with social medias.  However, this article can also relate to my research question.  It proves that Facebook does cause a negative distraction and causes students to spend more time with electronic communication than with studying, homework, and even paying attention in class.  The biggest tip given to teachers in this article is to use more collaborative learning activities because students seem to enjoy working more with others.  They will also be able to use their social medias for academics. 

Reynol, Junco, and Cotten Shelia R. "No A 4 U: The Relationship Between Multitasking And

Academic Performance." Computers & Education 59.(n.d.): 505-514. ScienceDirect. Web. 28 Sept. 2012.

This academic article by Reynold Junco, a part of the Department of Academic

Development and Counseling at Lock Haven University.  The purpose of this research was to determine how multitasking with technology communication and academics affects a student GPA.  For example, if a student is texting a friend or checking up on Facebook while working on a class project or studying.  Students from a 4-year public institution in the Northeastern United States were surveyed.  The results showed that most students who are multi-tasking are on Facebook.   As I expected, the results also showed that multi-tasking with the online medias does have a negative outcome on a students GPA. 

            This article relates to my question because it proves that multi-tasking with Facebook is not a good idea if you want a higher GPA.  It confuses a student’s memory and creates it harder to recall information trying to be learned or studied.  The main problem is that majority of students are using Facebook for primarily social use.  Being social the same time as doing homework does not mix.  An important finding from this article that will help me answer my question is, “Attempting to pay attention to Facebook or text messaging and to schoolwork at the same time will yield reduced capacity for essential processing and representational holding while increasing the incidental processing necessary for a given task.”

Chu, Melanie, and Yvonne Nalani Meulemans. "The Problems And Potential Of Myspace

And Facebook Usage In Academic Libraries." Internet Reference Services

Quarterly 13.1 (2008): 69-85. Academic Search Premier. Web. 27 Sept. 2012.

This academic article written by Melanie Chu, an outreach librarian at California State

University San Marcos.  It was made to realize how college students are communicating with others through social medias and how it can be incorporated into libraries.  It was determined that the main social networking site for colleges and universities is Facebook.  They claim Facebook is more professional and an appropriate way for students to communicate, better than MySpace.  There is hesitancy towards moving Facebook into the library but students are beginning to use Facebook to not only communicate with their students but also their professors. 

            This article relates to my topic in the fact that people are considering using Facebook in a library setting.  One positive is that if a person is online and needs help with something in the library they can see what librarians are on and get help. 

Robert McMorris, et al. "An Examination Of The Reciprocal Relationship Of Loneliness

And Facebook Use Among First-Year College Students." Journal Of Educational Computing Research 46.1 (2012): 105-117. ERIC. Web. 27 Sept. 2012.

This academic article is by Lai Lei Lou and Zheng Yan, who attended the

University at Albany and State University of New York to “examine whether there exists a reciprocal relationship between students’ use of social network sites and their psychological well-being.”  They were researching on if loneliness has an impact on Facebook intensity or is Facebook activity has an impact on loneliness.  It has been said that the Internet can lead to “negative outcomes”.  However, it is also said that social networking can decrease depression because of the relationships made or kept with it.  To find what one was true they collected data from 340 first year college students. 

            Their findings were, “Facebook intensity had a positive impact on loneliness, but motive for using Facebook did not have any impact on loneliness, whereas loneliness did not have an impact on Facebook intensity or motive for using Facebook.”  This relates to my study in saying that Facebook is used to only communicate with friends.